Rare tree species with record-small leaves discovered in Panama

Botanists from the Smithsonian Institution have officially described a new floral species: Clusia nanophylla. The plant, whose Latin name translates to "small leaf," is now recognized as the smallest-leafed member of its entire family.

The history of this species dates back to 2000, yet it took scientists 25 years to formally confirm its unique status.

The tree possesses a mechanism rare for woody plants—CAM photosynthesis. Much like a cactus, it absorbs carbon dioxide at night to conserve moisture. Visually, the plant is characterized by thick, glossy leaves, star-shaped fruits with vibrant seeds, and a yellowish milky sap.

The excitement of the discovery is overshadowed by the findings of a 2024 expedition: only five surviving specimens were found in the wild.

Due to active deforestation and road construction in the Ngäbe-Buglé region, the species has already been declared endangered. Scientists are calling for immediate conservation measures to protect these final five trees and prevent their total disappearance from the Earth.